Society

The Authoritarian Character

There is a pattern that keeps resurfacing across the political and cultural landscape of European and Neo-European societies, one that is difficult to name but impossible to ignore. The same individuals who express fierce admiration for strongmen and self-made millionaires and billionaires tend to reserve an equally fierce contempt for those they perceive as weak,...

Sudan RSF Genocide: UN Findings and Global Response

United Nations investigators have determined that the conduct of the Rapid Support Forces (hereinafter: RSF) in Sudan’s civil war amounts to genocide, a finding that has intensified international scrutiny of the conflict now in its third year. The conclusion, published in July 2026, follows sustained documentation of mass killings, sexual violence and the deliberate destruction...

Financial Freedom: A Fallacy to Flee from Modernity’s Constraints

The core discipline of sociology emerged through its engagement with the social problems that surfaced in modernity. Not because prior social formations were closer to some ideal, but because human beings began to perceive themselves as subjects separated from their environment. This separation gave rise to ideals such as humanism and individualism, and enabled people...

This Time It Is Different: Civilisational Life Cycles, Societal Decline And Renewal

Humans are historically arrogant. The present, to us, is the most precious and important time, driven by interests, which, in turn, are based on our immediate needs. “Especially, these days…” is the motto of how we look at our times of living, thinking that today is the time where something has been the most, least,...

The Cultural Revolution in China, 1966–1976

The cultural revolution was a political movement in the People’s Republic of China that lasted, by the official reckoning later adopted by the Chinese state, from 1966 until 1976. Its full name in the documents of the period was the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. Launched by Mao Zedong, then Chairman of the Communist Party of...

The Global History of International Law

International law is the body of rules and principles that governs the conduct of states and, increasingly, of international organisations and individuals in their relations with one another. Unlike the law of any single state, it has no global legislature to enact it, no global police to enforce it and no court whose jurisdiction is...