Free Trade

China and ASEAN Sign Major Upgraded Trade Pact

On 28 October 2025, the People’s Republic of China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (hereinafter: ASEAN) formally signed an upgraded Free Trade Agreement (hereinafter: FTA) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This enhanced pact, referred to as the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area 3.0 (ACFTA 3.0), is designed to deepen economic ties, strengthen regional supply chains,...